On December 8, after a speedy offensive that lasted lower than two weeks, Syrian opposition forces entered Damascus and declared the tip of Bashar al-Assad’s regime. The Syrian president and his household are believed to have flown out in an unknown route simply earlier than the rebels entered the capital.
The rebellion in opposition to the Syrian authorities that ended the half-century of al-Assad household rule must be seen as among the many most vital political turning factors within the trendy Arab area because the finish of World Warfare II and the creation of Israel in 1948. It marks a definitive break with the legacy because the Fifties of military-anchored Arab autocrats who’ve lengthy dominated and ravaged Arab societies.
Many rightly have a good time the overthrow of al-Assad, and plenty of others marvel what is going to occur subsequent given the involvement of varied native and exterior powers in Syria. The Syrian folks know they need a good life, to be handled with respect and to be heard. We should always humbly watch them deliver a brand new and steady order to their nation and cease the Western silliness of analysing what the size of a beard means or entertaining conspiracy theories.
It’s crucial now to mirror on what the devastating story of Syrian governance and civil battle imply. Syria beneath the Assads was neither distinctive nor the work of just some native brutes. Reasonably, it’s an instance of the widespread legacy of heavy-handed, usually vicious, Arab state energy that has ravaged the area and demeaned its folks for half a century, with the assistance of regional and nice powers and various nongovernmental teams.
The al-Assad regime was the longest-lasting military-based, foreign-backed, and family-anchored autocratic authorities to dominate the Arab area, which devastated its folks, financial system, and nationwide integrity.
The Syrian expertise reveals all of the debilitating hallmarks of shared Arab autocracy, which persist broadly and have to be systematically rooted out of our societies. These embrace an absence of real pluralism and accountability by credible participatory establishments; top-heavy rule anchored in army and police brutality, mass imprisonment, torture, and loss of life; centralised financial planning that breeds corruption among the many elite and deep quality-of-life disparities throughout the land; and no structural connections between the residents and the state that might generate insurance policies that mirror the consent and can of the ruled.
The 1952 Egyptian revolution of Gamal Abdel Nasser initiated the damaging legacy of military-run Arab governance, which expanded extra shortly after Israel’s 1967 defeat of Arab armies. Bashar al-Assad’s father, Hafez, was amongst a cohort of Arab officers who seized energy within the following 20 years in numerous Arab international locations and proceeded to drive them into the bottom.
These self-imposed officers might neither wage battle nor govern successfully throughout their a long time of rule. Consequently, because the Nineteen Nineties, most Arabs outdoors the few rich oil producers have suffered regular declines of their alternatives for first rate training and healthcare, jobs, entry to ample meals, water, and electrical energy, and different fundamental requirements.
Regional surveys reveal time and again {that a} small proportion of Arabs (largely within the oil-producing states and amongst small elites elsewhere) reside comfy lives, whereas the bulk get pleasure from neither political rights nor a good materials life. Inequality and poverty inside Arab societies proceed to rise.
By way of repression, Arab governments have remodeled their residents into passive, unvoiced, impotent customers, a lot of whom search to or do to migrate. Repression has generated intense anger, concern, and desperation amongst their residents. They’ve responded by difficult the state, becoming a member of its corrupt system, or retreating from it into smaller tribal, non secular, or ideological teams they type to guard themselves and survive within the face of risks from their very own state, Israel, or overseas powers.
Probably the most potent Arab actions that challenged the militarised energy mannequin had been Islamist – each armed and peaceable. In Syria, when a peaceable protest motion was met with brutal army drive, the rebellion shortly remodeled right into a civil battle, which undermined nationwide cohesion, allowed the proliferation of armed teams and ushered in interference from overseas powers.
What has occurred in Syria must be a wake-up name for all Arab autocrats. The area can not endure lengthy the truth that not a single Arab state has been credibly validated by its personal folks by constitutional or electoral means.
I’ve skilled and journalistically chronicled the circumstances of Arab societies and residents for over half a century, and I conclude that not a single Arab nation has handed the 4 cardinal exams of steady statehood, real sovereignty, citizenship, and sustained and equitable human growth.
We might be fools to overlook the alerts that Syria sends the world about each strange citizen’s indomitable will to reside in freedom and dignity. And we’d be complicit in denying these to Arabs if we proceed enterprise as typical with the present state and financial techniques which have largely failed their folks.
The views expressed on this article are the writer’s personal and don’t essentially mirror Al Jazeera’s editorial stance.
